Tissue Engineering: Then, Now, and the Future

Then and Now: Reimagining Africa’s Future

Tissue-resident macrophages: then and now

Macrophages have been at the heart of immune research for over a century and are an integral component of innate immunity. Macrophages are often viewed as terminally differentiated monocytic phagocytes. They infiltrate tissues during inflammation, and form polarized populations that perform pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions. Tissue-resident macrophages were regarded as differentia...

Coronary revascularization: then, now, future trends.

Then A small trial of 50 patients showed a composite safety event rate of 10% (0 mortality, 5 emergency coronary artery bypass grafts [CABGs], 0 strokes) and only a partial success rate (residual stenosis, 34%) with complete failure in 36% of patients. The authors predicted that the new percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) technique might be suitable for 10% to 15% of patients needing coron...

Electronic Health Records: Then, Now, and in the Future.

OBJECTIVES Describe the state of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) in 1992 and their evolution by 2015 and where EHRs are expected to be in 25 years. Further to discuss the expectations for EHRs in 1992 and explore which of them were realized and what events accelerated or disrupted/derailed how EHRs evolved. METHODS Literature search based on "Electronic Health Record", "Medical Record", and ...

Schizophrenia: Then and Now